RA causes inflammation in joints. The cervical spine has seven vertebrae, or bones. RA inflammation typically affects C1, also called the atlas, and C2, also called the axis. C1 and C2 are the ...

The upper cervical spine, specifically, is the top vertebrae of the spine. It is made up of the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2). These vertebrae are atypical and are different in shape and function ...

In all, 140 patients had an injury of the upper cervical spine (C1/C2), 212 patients had an injury of the lower cervical spine (C3-C7), and 15 patients had a combined injury of the upper and lower ...